Economic Issues in the Coexistence of Organic, Genetically Engineered (GE), and Non-GE Crops

by Catherine Greene, Seth J. Wechsler, Aaron Adalja, and James Hanson

Two decades after genetically engineered seeds became available, GE varieties are common in U.S. corn, soybean, cotton, canola, and sugarbeet production. Markets for food containing non-GE ingredients also exist. This report examines organic and conventional product markets, common coexistence practices, and the economic impacts when GE material is detected in non-GE products.

Keywords: Coexistence, organic crops, USDA organic standards, genetically engineered crops, identity preservation, non-GE, non-GMO, adoption, prices, economic impacts, corn, soybeans

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