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Median farm income, off-farm income, and total income of U.S. farm households, 2019–23

A bar chart shows the median farm income, off-farm income, and total income of U.S. farm households for the years 2019 through 2023.

Chart data

Estimated median total income for farm households decreased in 2023 relative to 2022, and median farm income and median off-farm income also decreased. At the median, household income from farming was -$900 in 2023. Given the broad USDA definition of a farm (see glossary), many small farms are not profitable even in the best farm income years. Median off-farm income in 2023 was $79,900, while the median total household income was $97,984.

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