Nutrition and Health Characteristics of Low-Income Populations: Volume II, WIC Participants and Nonparticipants

by Nancy Cole, Mary Kay Fox, and Biing-Hwan Lin

Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III), conducted in 1988-94, were used to compare the nutrition and health characteristics of participants and nonparticipants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). This research was designed to establish a baseline from which to monitor the nutritional and health characteristics of WIC participants and nonparticipants over time. Because of age-based variations in the survey protocols and small samples of pregnant and postpartum women, data were not consistently available among women, infants, and children. Data availability was the richest for children and most limited for pregnant women.

Keywords: Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, WIC, food assistance, program nonparticipants, nutrition and health outcomes, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES-III, low-income populations, FANRP

In this publication...

• Entire Report
• Abstract, Acknowledgments, Contents, List of tables and figures, and Executive Summary
• Chapter One: Introduction
• Chapter Two: Usual Intake of Food Energy and Nutrients Among Children Ages 1 to 4
• Chapter Three: Healthy Eating Index Scores and Usual Intake of Dietary Fiber Among Children Ages 2 to 4
• Chapter Four: Health-Related Behaviors
• Chapter Five: Health Status, Conditions, and Risks
• Chapter Six: Access to Health Care Services
• References
• Appendix A: NHANES-III Data Files
• Appendix B: Reference Standards
• Appendix C: Statistical and Reporting Guidelines,
• Appendix D: Detailed Tables